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รวีวรรณ สุรเศรณีวงศ์
Geriatrics of BMA General Hospital, Medical Service Department under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
Abstract
Background: Oral cavity is one of important organs and had many function in human such as eating, speaking, facial expression. Oral health may reflect total body function, especially in elderly. Nowadays, population of elderly was increased, then oral problem in elderly was also increased. On the other hand, this health problem was always missed by physicians. This article review knowledge about physiologic change of oral cavity in elderly, common oral problems, and general oral care in elderly that might improve capabilities of early detection and early consult in general physician to dentist in Thailand.
Objective: To review physiologic changes of oral cavity in elderly, common oral problems, systemic effects of oral problems and general oral care for improving holistic care in elderly
Methods: Review Article
Results: Physiologic changes such as amount and concentration of saliva, taste bud atrophy, erosion of teeth affected elderly’s appetite and can lead to malnutrition that was important problems in elderly. Dental caries, periodontitis, xerostomia, oral infection (oral candidiasis) and malignancy of oral cavity and buccal mucosa were common diseases in elderly. Systemic disease can lead to problems of oral cavity such as misdiagnosed angina from dental pain, hemiplegic stroke patients decreased capabilities in oral care, neck radiation from treatment of cancer led to xerostomia and jaw bone necrosis. Appropriate oral care and regularly dental examination was important to improve quality of life and prevent further complication both oral and systemic organs in elderly.
Conclusion: Changes of physiology in elderly resulted in oral diseases. Systemic diseases or drug uses in the elderly also causes changes in the oral cavity in the elderly. If the physician and related staff had knowledge of the disease and the physiology of the elderly, it would be useful to improve caring the elderly.
Keywords: oral health, oral cavity, physiologic change, elderly
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